Drug utilization pattern during pregnancy in North India

Area of Science:

• Pharmacology and Therapeutics
• Maternal Health
• Drug Utilization Studies

Background:

• Pregnancy necessitates careful consideration of drug use due to potential risks to mother and fetus.
• Understanding drug utilization patterns during pregnancy is essential for ensuring maternal and fetal safety.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate drug utilization patterns throughout pregnancy.
• To assess the influence of educational and socioeconomic status on drug use during pregnancy.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at a medical college's postgraduate Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and antenatal clinic.
• 405 questionnaires were completed by medical students interviewing pregnant women (primigravida and multigravida).
• Data analysis involved chi-square tests for inter-group comparisons, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.

Main Results:

• Average drug use per pregnant woman was 1.73 (first trimester), 2.89 (second trimester), and 2.49 (third trimester).
• Majority of drugs were FDA Category A, B, and D; however, Category C and X drugs were also used.
• Herbal/homeopathic drug use and self-medication were more prevalent in graduates and higher socioeconomic groups.

Conclusions:

• There is a significant need for comprehensive education and counseling for women of childbearing age regarding medication use during pregnancy.
• Emphasis should be placed on the advantages and disadvantages of various drug therapies, including alternative and self-medication options.
• Targeted educational interventions can help improve safe drug practices in pregnant populations.