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Azelastine: a multifaceted drug for asthma therapy.
I Szelenyi1, U Achterrath-Tuckermann, J Schmidt
1Department of Pharmacology, ASTA Pharma AG, Frankfurt/Main, FRG.
Agents and Actions. Supplements
|January 1, 1991
Summary
Azelastine, a novel antiasthmatic and antiallergic drug, effectively treats asthma and allergic rhinitis by inhibiting oxygen radical generation and IL-1 production. It also improves mucus liquidity and mucociliary clearance, potentially through lung accumulation.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Immunology
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Azelastine is a novel long-acting drug effective for asthma and allergic rhinitis.
- Its therapeutic mechanisms require further elucidation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present selected properties of azelastine contributing to its antiasthmatic and antiallergic effects.
- To investigate azelastine's impact on inflammatory mediators and respiratory functions.
Main Methods:
- In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted.
- Assessed inhibition of oxygen radical generation in alveolar macrophages.
- Evaluated bronchosecretolytic activity and mucociliary clearance in a rabbit model.
- Measured IL-1 generation inhibition.
Main Results:
- Azelastine significantly inhibited oxygen radical generation in alveolar macrophages.
- Demonstrated bronchosecretolytic activity, increasing mucus liquidity.
- Enhanced mucociliary clearance in a rabbit model.
- Inhibited IL-1 generation both in vitro and in vivo.
Conclusions:
- Azelastine exhibits multiple properties beneficial for treating asthma and allergic rhinitis.
- Inhibition of inflammatory mediators and improved respiratory functions are key mechanisms.
- Potential tissue and cellular accumulation in the lungs warrants further investigation.