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Viral-specific immunization in AIDS-related complex by photopheresis
E Bisaccia1, C Berger, F X DiSpaltro
1Department of Medicine, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|December 30, 1991
Summary
Photopheresis therapy for AIDS-related complex (ARC) showed promising results. Patients experienced improved immune responses, including increased CD8 lymphocytes and decreased HIV viral load, leading to symptom resolution.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Photomedicine
Background:
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) primarily targets CD4+ T-lymphocytes.
- Psoralen plus Ultraviolet A (PUVA) light therapy, known as photopheresis, can inactivate viruses in vitro.
- Photopheresis may induce an immune response against HIV by reinfusing inactivated virus and infected cells.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the therapeutic potential of photopheresis in patients with AIDS-related complex (ARC).
- To assess the impact of photopheresis on HIV-specific immune responses and viral load.
- To monitor clinical and immunological parameters during photopheresis treatment.
Main Methods:
- Seven patients diagnosed with ARC underwent photopheresis treatment.
- Treatment involved extracorporeal UVADAR® photopheresis.
- Immunological markers (CD4+, CD8+ counts, activation markers, p24 antigen), viral load (HIV culture), and clinical symptoms were monitored over 6 to 18 months.
Main Results:
- A significant increase in HIV-specific antibodies and CD8+ lymphocyte counts was observed.
- A decrease in p24 antigen levels and undetectable HIV viral cultures in 3 patients were noted.
- Clinical improvements included resolution of lymphadenopathy, night sweats, fever, and weight loss, correlating with immunological changes. CD4+ percentages remained stable or increased.
Conclusions:
- Photopheresis demonstrates potential as a therapeutic intervention for ARC.
- The treatment appears to modulate the immune system, enhancing HIV-specific responses and reducing viral burden.
- Clinical benefits observed suggest photopheresis may improve quality of life for ARC patients.