[Oral signs in patients with type-2 diabetes, hypertension and obesity]

To evaluate oral health in patients with type-2 diabetes, hypertension and obesity.

Comparative cross-sectional study with a random conglomerate sample, constituted by 363 patients of primary care units in Guadalajara, with records of glycemia, blood pressure and body mass index. A questionnaire was applied to know sociodemographic data, as well as medical and oral state. It included CPO-D and functionality index. For the intergroup comparison, the chi2 and t of Student were applied, considering significant p < 0.05.

In the sample, the average age was 50 years old, 74% were women, 75 % showed overweight-obesity, arterial hypertension or diabetes mellitus; the rest had different combinations of these pathologies. In diabetic patients, glucose was of 184 +/- 74.9 mg/dL; in hypertensive ones, blood pressure was of 132/83 mm Hg, and in patients with overweight-obesity, the BMI was 34 +/- 5.33. The CPO and the functionality indexes were inadequate in all the patients. The hypertensive group showed the most deteriorated oral state; the periodontal disease prevailed.

We propose to emphasize clinical-preventive programs in stomatologic attention of chronic patients, and to consider them a high priority. We also suggest to train the health staff and patients in the interaction between systemic illness and oral state. Finally, we propose to integrate stomatology to the research of chronic degenerative pathologies.