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Zoster vaccine live (Oka/Merck).
Dean M Robinson1, Caroline M Perry
1Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@adis.co.nz
Drugs & Aging
|July 29, 2006
Summary
A live varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine significantly reduced herpes zoster illness, incidence, and associated pain in adults over 60. The vaccine was well-tolerated, with mostly injection-site reactions reported.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, is caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus (VZV).
- Older adults are particularly susceptible to herpes zoster and its complications, such as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of a live, high-titre varicella zoster virus (VZV) vaccine (zoster vaccine) in preventing herpes zoster and reducing zoster-associated pain in individuals aged 60 years and older.
Main Methods:
- A randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving adults aged 60 years and older.
- Subcutaneous administration of a live, high-titre Oka/Merck strain VZV vaccine.
- Surveillance for herpes zoster incidence, burden of illness, and postherpetic neuralgia over 3 years.
Main Results:
- The zoster vaccine demonstrated a 51% reduction in herpes zoster incidence and a 61% reduction in illness burden compared to placebo.
- A significant 67% reduction in postherpetic neuralgia incidence was observed.
- Vaccination induced a transient increase in VZV antibody titres and cell-mediated immunity, with generally good tolerability and predominantly mild injection-site reactions.
Conclusions:
- The live VZV vaccine is effective in preventing herpes zoster and reducing its associated pain and complications in older adults.
- The vaccine elicits a robust immune response and is well-tolerated, supporting its use for herpes zoster prevention in this demographic.