Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Ex Vivo Culture of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Cerebral Spinal Fluid from Melanoma Patients to Study Melanoma-Associated Leptomeningeal Disease
06:25

Ex Vivo Culture of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Cerebral Spinal Fluid from Melanoma Patients to Study Melanoma-Associated Leptomeningeal Disease

Published on: March 29, 2024

[The significance of IGF-1, VEGF, IL-6 in multiple myeloma progression]

Yi-qun Guo1, Shi-lun Chen

  • 1Department of Hematology, Chao Yang Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100020, China.

Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi = Zhonghua Xueyexue Zazhi
|August 1, 2006
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels increase with multiple myeloma (MM) progression. These cytokines, along with insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), stimulate bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) to secrete more cytokines.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Context:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a cancer of plasma cells.
  • Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving MM progression is crucial for developing effective therapies.
  • Cytokines play a significant role in cancer development and progression.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the changes in Interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) during multiple myeloma (MM) progression.
  • To explore the interactions between these three cytokines in the context of MM.
  • To determine the role of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) in MM pathogenesis.

Summary:

  • Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) from MM patients showed increased secretion of IL-6 and VEGF compared to healthy controls, with levels rising from steady MM to evolving MM.
  • Co-culture experiments revealed elevated IL-6, VEGF, and IGF-1 in MM cell lines and BMSCs, correlating with disease progression.
  • Exogenous IL-6, VEGF, or IGF-1 stimulated BMSCs to increase their own secretion of these cytokines, indicating a positive feedback loop.

Impact:

  • The findings suggest that IL-6 and VEGF are key players in MM progression.
  • The study highlights the contribution of BMSCs to the MM microenvironment through cytokine secretion.
  • Targeting these cytokine interactions could offer new therapeutic strategies for multiple myeloma.

More Related Videos

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice05:32

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Published on: January 7, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...