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Lamellipodium-driven tissue reshaping: a parametric study.

G W Brodland1, J H Veldhuis

  • 1Department of Civil Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont, Canada, N2L 3G1. brodland@uwaterloo.ca

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering
|August 2, 2006
PubMed
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Lamellipodia drive tissue reshaping during embryonic development. This study quantifies the mechanics of convergent extension (CE), revealing how lamellipodia formation rate and contraction strength influence tissue dynamics.

Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Lamellipodia generate forces crucial for tissue reshaping in early embryos.
  • Convergent extension (CE) is a fundamental morphogenetic process involving tissue elongation and narrowing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the mechanics of lamellipodia-driven convergent extension (CE).
  • To investigate the influence of lamellipodia formation rate and contraction strength on tissue reshaping dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized finite element analysis to implement a gamma-mu model.
  • Simulated a rectangular patch of model tissue with interfacial tension (gamma) and cytoplasmic viscosity (mu).
  • Performed parametric analyses varying lamellipodia formation rate (r) and contraction strength (q).

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Main Results:

  • Tissue reshaping rate is proportional to lamellipodia formation rate (r).
  • Reshaping exhibits a nonlinear and highly sensitive dependence on contraction strength (q), especially near q=2.
  • Cell elongation and stress vary linearly with the degree of kinematic restraint (e).

Conclusions:

  • Lamellipodia mechanics are critical for driving convergent extension in embryonic tissues.
  • The interplay between lamellipodia dynamics and tissue constraints dictates reshaping outcomes.
  • Identified key "mechanical pathways" governing this morphogenetic process.