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Echinococcus multilocularis in north Italy.

M T Manfredi1, A Casulli, G La Rosa

  • 1Department of Animal Pathology, Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy.

Parassitologia
|August 3, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Alveolar echinococcosis, a parasitic infection, has been detected in red foxes in Italy's Trentino Alto Adige region. This study updates the understanding of Echinococcus multilocularis epidemiology in northern Italy.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Parasitology
  • Zoonotic Diseases
  • Wildlife Epidemiology

Background:

  • Alveolar echinococcosis is a zoonotic infection caused by Echinococcus multilocularis.
  • Fox populations in Italian Alpine regions were previously considered free of this parasite.
  • In 2002, infected foxes were first detected in the Trentino Alto Adige region, near the Austrian border.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To update the epidemiological knowledge of Echinococcus multilocularis in northern Italy.
  • To investigate the prevalence of E. multilocularis in red fox populations across five Italian regions.
  • To assess the geographic distribution of this parasite in Italian wildlife.

Main Methods:

  • Modified nested PCR analysis was employed to detect E. multilocularis DNA in fecal samples.

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  • A total of 522 fecal samples from red foxes were analyzed using PCR.
  • Additionally, 1406 fecal samples were analyzed using a commercial CA-ELISA test kit.

    • Main Results:

    • Echinococcus multilocularis DNA was detected in 24 out of 522 analyzed fecal samples.
    • All positive samples (24) originated from the Trentino Alto Adige region.
    • The study provides current data on the parasite's presence in Italian red fox populations.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings confirm the presence and spread of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes in northern Italy, specifically in the Trentino Alto Adige region.
    • This study contributes essential updated epidemiological data for understanding and managing alveolar echinococcosis in the region.
    • Continued surveillance of wildlife populations is crucial for monitoring the parasite's distribution.