Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Swimming Exercise Protocol and Care Methods for Pregnant Rats
Published on: April 5, 2024
Water aerobics reduces sick leave due to low back pain during pregnancy
Aina B Granath1, Margareta S E Hellgren, Ronny K Gunnarsson
1Research and Development Unit, Primary Health Care in Southern Bohuslän County, Krokslätts vårdcentral, Mölndal, Sweden. aina.granath@vgregion.se
Objective:
To compare the effect of a land-based, physical exercise program versus water aerobics on low back or pelvic pain and sick leave during pregnancy.
Design:
Randomized controlled clinical trial.
Setting:
Three antenatal care centers.
Participants:
390 healthy pregnant women.
Interventions:
A land-based physical exercise program or water aerobic once a week during pregnancy.
Main Outcome Measures:
Sick leave, pregnancy-related low back pain or pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain, or both.
Results:
Water aerobics diminished pregnancy-related low back pain (p=.04) and sick leave due to pregnancy-related low back pain (p=.03) more than a land-based physical exercise program.
Conclusions:
Water aerobics can be recommended for the treatment of low back pain during pregnancy. The benefits of a land-based physical exercise program are questionable and further evaluation is needed.
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