[Poor bone quality in diabetes: detrimental collagen cross-link pattern reduces bone strength without change in bone
1Jikei University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery.
Abstract:
Although type 2 diabetes is often characterized by normal or high bone mineral density (BMD), diabetes is associated with increased risk of fracture. This paradoxical phenomenon in type 2 diabetes may be explained by poorer "bone quality" by detrimental collagen cross-links in bone. Recently, we showed that the alteration of enzymatic and nonenzymatic crosslinking in bone could be important for explaining the variation of fracture susceptibility in diabetes (Osteoporos Int, 2006. Epub ahead of print). In this review, we describe that low turnover bone, hyperglycemia, mildly hyperhomocysteinemia, and vitamin B(6) insufficiency are crucial determinants of detrimental crosslinking of bone collagen in diabetes.
Related Concept Videos
Bone Disorders
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
Essential Minerals for Bone Health
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
The Bone Matrix
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
Diabetic Neuropathy
Diabetic Nephropathy
