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Cellular reprogramming by gram-positive bacterial components: a review.

Julliette M Buckley1, Jiang Huai Wang, H Paul Redmond

  • 1Department of Academic Surgery, Cork University Hospital, National University of Ireland/University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.

Journal of Leukocyte Biology
|August 4, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Cellular reprogramming by gram-positive bacteria, unlike gram-negative bacteria, is less understood. This review explores how bacterial lipoprotein and lipoteichoic acid alter immune cell responses, including tolerance.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) tolerance in gram-negative bacteria is extensively studied.
  • Tolerance to gram-positive bacterial components like lipoprotein and lipoteichoic acid is less understood but crucial.
  • Understanding immune responses to bacterial cell wall components is vital for treating infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review cellular reprogramming induced by gram-positive bacterial components.
  • To examine molecular and cellular changes in immune cells exposed to gram-positive bacteria.
  • To explore the phenomenon of cross-tolerance between different bacterial components.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on cellular reprogramming by gram-positive bacterial components.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of studies investigating changes in cell surface receptor expression.
  • Examination of research on intracellular signaling, gene expression, and cytokine production.

    • Main Results:

    • Gram-positive bacterial components induce significant cellular reprogramming in immune cells.
    • Alterations include changes in cell surface receptors, intracellular signaling pathways, and gene expression.
    • Evidence suggests cross-tolerance can occur, impacting subsequent immune responses.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular reprogramming by gram-positive bacterial components is a critical but understudied area.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and implications of this tolerance.
    • Understanding these processes could lead to novel therapeutic strategies for infectious diseases.