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Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Palatal and tongue base surgery for surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective study
1Columbia New York Presbyterian Department of Otolaryngology, New York, NY, USA. ofershel@hotmail.com
Objective:
To assess the effect of concurrent uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) and hypopharyngeal procedures in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with diffuse airway narrowing.
Study Design And Setting:
Forty-eight patients were treated surgically by a single surgeon in private practice over 2 years. Symptoms, Epworth score, and polysomnographic outcome were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively. The Friedman staging system was applied. UPPP with genioglossus advancement, hyoid suspension, or radiofrequency treatment was carried out.
Results:
In 37 patients with complete data, the average apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was reduced from 46.5 +/- 24.8 to 14.9 +/- 16.8. The Epworth score was reduced from 12.1 +/- 4.9 to 6.7 +/- 3.7. Most patients reported improved sleep quality, alertness, memory, concentration, and mood.
Conclusion:
Successful outcome, defined by symptom and AHI reduction, was achieved with multilevel surgery for most patients with advanced Friedman stages 2 and 3.
Significance:
Multilevel surgery seems effective in treating severe OSA patients with diffuse airway narrowing.
Ebm Rating:
C-4.
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