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Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...

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Non-Invasive Model of Neuropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection in the Neonatal Rat

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Wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) as potential carriers of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli.

H R Scaife¹, D Cowan, J Finney

¹Health and Safety Laboratory, Buxton SK17 9JN.

The Veterinary Record

|August 8, 2006

Summary

Wild rabbits can carry Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157, posing a risk to cattle and humans. Higher infection rates were observed in rabbits during summer, suggesting seasonal transmission dynamics.

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Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Microbiology
Environmental Health

Background:

Verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157 infections occurred in humans linked to wild rabbit feces in Norfolk, UK.
Wild rabbits inhabited fields adjacent to cattle herds confirmed positive for E. coli O157.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate factors influencing the association between E. coli O157-positive cattle and wild rabbit populations.
To determine the prevalence of E. coli O157 in wild rabbits in relation to cattle presence and season.

Main Methods:

Fecal samples were collected from 16 cattle herds near wild rabbit populations.
Cattle herd samples were analyzed for E. coli O157 using culture and PCR.
Rabbit fecal samples were collected in late winter and high summer from six farms and tested for E. coli O157 and VTEC via PCR.

Main Results:

Seven of the 16 cattle herds tested positive for E. coli O157.
No E. coli O157 was detected in rabbit samples during late winter (0/32).
Eight of 97 rabbit samples collected in summer tested positive for E. coli O157 on four farms; 20 samples were positive for VTEC (including non-O157 strains).

Conclusions:

Wild rabbits can act as reservoirs for E. coli O157, with higher prevalence during summer.
The study highlights a potential transmission pathway of E. coli O157 between wildlife (rabbits) and livestock (cattle), impacting public health.