Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 6, 2026

Description of a Swine Infant Model of Volume-Controlled Hemorrhagic Shock
09:09

Description of a Swine Infant Model of Volume-Controlled Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: November 3, 2023

A clinical profile of shock in children in Punjab, India

Daljit Singh1, Atul Chopra, Puneet Aulakh Pooni

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India.

Indian Pediatrics
|August 8, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric shock, particularly hypovolemic shock from diarrhea, is common in hospitalized children. Early diagnosis and management of compensated shock significantly improve survival rates in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Pediatric shock is a critical condition with significant morbidity and mortality.
  • Understanding the epidemiology and types of shock in children is crucial for effective management.
  • Previous studies have varied in their focus on specific etiologies or age groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency, causes, types, and outcomes of shock in hospitalized children aged 1 month to 15 years.
  • To analyze the differences in presentation and survival based on shock type and stage.
  • To identify factors influencing prognosis in pediatric shock.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective observational study of hospitalized children aged 1 month to 15 years.
  • Data collection on demographics, clinical presentation, etiology, type of shock, management, and outcomes.
  • Classification of shock into hypovolemic, septic, cardiogenic, and distributive types.
  • Categorization of shock into compensated and decompensated stages.

Main Results:

  • 98 cases of shock were identified, representing 4.3% of total admissions.
  • Hypovolemic shock due to acute diarrhea was the most frequent type (45.9%).
  • Overall survival was 73.6%, with higher survival rates for compensated shock (97.7% for hypovolemic) compared to decompensated shock.
  • Septic shock patients (73.5%) predominantly presented in the decompensated stage.

Conclusions:

  • Hypovolemic shock, often linked to acute diarrhea, is the leading cause of shock in hospitalized children.
  • Early recognition and management of compensated shock, regardless of age, significantly improve patient prognosis.
  • Targeted interventions and supportive care are essential, with survival rates varying considerably by shock etiology and stage.

More Related Videos

Developing a Clinically Relevant Hemorrhagic Shock Model in Rats08:14

Developing a Clinically Relevant Hemorrhagic Shock Model in Rats

Published on: March 22, 2024

A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn11:27

A Modified Sonographic Algorithm for Image Acquisition in Life-Threatening Emergencies in the Critically Ill Newborn

Published on: April 7, 2023

Related Concept Videos

Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock01:24

Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock

Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
Blood Pressure: Hypertension and Hypotension
Normal blood pressure is 120/80 mm Hg. Elevated blood pressure is 120-129/under 80 mm Hg. Hypertension, warranting treatment at 130/80 mm Hg, is often asymptomatic and can lead to severe cardiovascular events, aneurysms, peripheral arterial disease, chronic renal disease, or cardiac...
Measurement of Blood Pressure01:17

Measurement of Blood Pressure

Assessing blood pressure is a standard procedure executed in virtually all medical environments. The method utilized today was established over a hundred years ago by an innovative Russian doctor, Dr. Nikolai Korotkoff. The soft ticking noise, known as Korotkoff sounds, heard while taking blood pressure readings results from turbulent blood flow within the vessels. The apparatus required for this procedure includes a sphygmomanometer, a blood pressure cuff attached to a gauge, and a stethoscope.
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...