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[Transplantation-associated infections].

R Würzner1

  • 1Department für Hygiene, Mikrobiologie und Sozialmedizin, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck & Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for AIDS-Research, Innsbruck, Austria.

Verhandlungen Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Fur Pathologie
|August 9, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Infection·2008

Transplant recipients face infections from the organ or their weakened immune system. Standardized anti-infective therapies are crucial, even without identified pathogens, to protect the transplant.

Area of Science:

  • Transplant Infectious Diseases
  • Immunocompromised Host Infections

Background:

  • Transplantation-associated infections stem from the transplanted organ or the recipient's immunodeficient state.
  • Reconstituting immunodeficiency is often not feasible due to risks to the transplanted organ.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the need for specific, standardized anti-infective therapies in transplant recipients.
  • To discuss the origins, types, diagnostics, and therapies for infections in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Review of infection sources, microbial types (bacteria, parasites, fungi, viruses), and diagnostic approaches.
  • Discussion of diagnostic tools including blood cultures, PCR, CT scans, and antibody assays.
  • Consideration of therapeutic strategies and preventative measures.

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Main Results:

  • Common pathogens include gram-positive rods, Toxoplasma, Candida, Aspergillus, Parvovirus B19, and Cytomegalovirus (CMV).
  • Diagnostic tools have varying advantages and disadvantages; antibody assays require careful interpretation.
  • Preventative strategies like using CMV-seronegative donors are recommended.

Conclusions:

  • Avoid cost-cutting measures in microbial diagnostics for transplant patients.
  • Prioritize the use of CMV-seronegative donors when possible to reduce infection risk.