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[Case report: Ectopia cordis in a German Holstein calf].

U Schulze1, K Kramer, M Hewicker-Trautwein

  • 1Institut für Tierzucht und Vererbungsforschung, Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover.

DTW. Deutsche Tierarztliche Wochenschrift
|August 9, 2006
PubMed
Summary

A rare congenital defect, ectopia cordis pectoralis, occurred in a German Holstein calf. This condition involved the heart being displaced through a breastbone fissure, leading to the calf

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Pathology
  • Congenital Malformations
  • Cardiovascular Anatomy

Background:

  • Ectopia cordis is a rare congenital anomaly where the heart is abnormally positioned outside the chest cavity.
  • Pectoral ectopia cordis specifically involves displacement through the sternum.
  • Understanding the etiology and associated pathologies is crucial for veterinary diagnostics.

Observation:

  • A case of ectopia cordis pectoralis was identified in a German Holstein calf.
  • The heart and pericardium were found protruding through a sternal fissure.
  • Associated findings included liver deformation and passive hyperaemia in multiple organs.

Findings:

  • The calf exhibited a sternal fissure allowing external displacement of the heart and pericardium.

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  • No intrinsic cardiac defects were observed, with the heart connected via its great vessels.
  • The calf, though well-developed, experienced stillbirth with unventilated lungs.

    • Implications:

    • The inbreeding coefficient of 3.125% suggests a potential genetic predisposition or contribution to the malformation.
    • The sternal fissure is identified as the probable cause of the ectopia cordis.
    • This case highlights the importance of considering genetic factors and developmental anomalies in bovine congenital defects.