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Updated: Aug 4, 2026

Subcutaneous Trigeminal Nerve Field Stimulation for Refractory Facial Pain
Published on: May 10, 2017
Long-term epidural pain relief using a totally implantable access system
J Denobile1, W Chester, H B Etienne
1Department of Surgery, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814.
Abstract:
The majority of cancer patients at the terminal stage experience pain as a major symptom, and less than 60% of patients receive adequate pain relief. To relieve this symptom we have placed epidural catheters and attached them to an implantable access system. On this method the patients required 0.4-3.5 mg of morphine per hour with occasional boluses. Catheter life span ranged from 15 to 157 days with an average of 57 days.
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