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Related Experiment Videos

Using nutritional indices to study LOX3-dependent insect resistance.

Cbgowda Rayapuram1, Ian T Baldwin

  • 1Department of Molecular Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany.

Plant, Cell & Environment
|August 11, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Jasmonic acid (JA) pathways, including lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3), mediate plant defenses against insects. LOX3-defended plants reduce herbivore growth, but insects compensate through behavioral and physiological adjustments.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant-insect interactions
  • Chemical ecology
  • Plant defense mechanisms

Background:

  • Induced resistance in plants is often mediated by jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathways.
  • Lipoxygenase 3 (LOX3) is a key enzyme in a subset of JA-dependent defense responses against herbivores.
  • Understanding the specific role of LOX3 in plant defense is crucial for comprehending plant-insect interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of Nicotiana attenuata lipoxygenase 3 (NaLOX3) in mediating resistance to the specialist herbivore Manduca sexta.
  • To quantify the pre- and post-ingestive effects of LOX3-mediated defenses on larval performance using Waldbauer nutritional indices.

Main Methods:

  • Performance analysis of Manduca sexta larvae on wild-type (WT) and NaLOX3-silenced Nicotiana attenuata plants.

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  • Application of Waldbauer nutritional indices to assess approximate digestibility (AD) and efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD).
  • Measurement of larval growth, food consumption, and frass production.

    • Main Results:

    • LOX3-mediated defenses significantly reduced larval growth, consumption, and frass production in WT plants compared to silenced plants.
    • Late-instar larvae showed reduced ECD on defended WT plants, while early-instar larvae exhibited decreased AD.
    • Larvae on defended WT plants exhibited compensatory feeding behavior, increasing food intake per unit of body mass gain.

    Conclusions:

    • Nicotiana attenuata's oxylipin-mediated defenses, dependent on NaLOX3, are crucial for resisting Manduca sexta herbivory.
    • Waldbauer nutritional assays effectively revealed insect behavioral and physiological counter-responses to plant defenses.
    • NaLOX3-silenced plants allow insects to increase food intake and conversion efficiency, highlighting the importance of this defense pathway.