Hemorheological parameters in correlation with the risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis

Area of Science:

• Vascular Biology
• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Neurology

Background:

• Carotid atherosclerosis (CA) is a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular events.
• Understanding the interplay between hemorheological variables and CA risk factors is crucial for risk stratification.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the relationship between hemorheological parameters and established risk factors for carotid atherosclerosis.
• To correlate hemorheological findings with intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid artery stenosis in patients with cerebrovascular disease.

Main Methods:

• Color duplex sonography was used to assess carotid arteries in patients with risk factors for CA, transient ischemic attacks (TIAs), chronic unilateral cerebral infarctions (UCI), and healthy controls.
• Examined hemorheological variables included whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, hematocrit, and fibrinogen.
• Correlations were performed between hemorheological parameters, IMT, and risk factors like hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and hyperlipidemia.

Main Results:

• Increased blood and plasma viscosity were observed, particularly in the UCI group.
• Elevated IMT and carotid artery stenoses were noted in patient groups with cerebrovascular disease (CVD), especially in the UCI cohort.
• Significant correlations were found between hematocrit, whole blood viscosity, IMT, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels in the UCI group.

Conclusions:

• Hemorheological parameters significantly influence carotid blood vessel walls and blood flow in patients with CVD.
• These findings highlight the importance of hemorheological assessment in managing patients at risk for or with established carotid atherosclerosis.