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A probable stellar solution to the cosmological lithium discrepancy.

A J Korn1, F Grundahl, O Richard

  • 1Department of Astronomy and Space Physics, Uppsala University, Box 515, 75120 Uppsala, Sweden. akorn@astro.uu.se

Nature
|August 11, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The cosmic lithium discrepancy, a mismatch between Big Bang nucleosynthesis predictions and stellar observations, is explained by stellar diffusion. This process transports lithium deep into stars, lowering its atmospheric abundance in old stars.

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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Stellar Astrophysics
  • Nuclear Astrophysics

Background:

  • Cosmic Microwave Background measurements constrain cosmological parameters.
  • Big Bang nucleosynthesis predicts primordial element abundances, including lithium.
  • A significant discrepancy exists between predicted and observed primordial lithium abundance in old stars.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cause of the cosmological lithium discrepancy.
  • To test the hypothesis that stellar diffusion explains the low observed lithium abundance.

Main Methods:

  • Spectroscopic observations of stars in the globular cluster NGC 6397.
  • Analysis of atmospheric abundances of various elements.
  • Comparison with stellar-evolution models incorporating diffusion and turbulent mixing.

Main Results:

  • Observed trends of atmospheric abundance with stellar evolutionary stage.
  • These trends were successfully reproduced by stellar models including diffusion.
  • Evidence suggests lithium is transported deep into stars by diffusion.

Conclusions:

  • Stellar diffusion is the primary cause of the low apparent lithium abundance in old stars.
  • The cosmological lithium discrepancy can be resolved by accounting for stellar internal processes.
  • This finding reconciles Big Bang nucleosynthesis predictions with stellar observations.