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Related Experiment Videos

Orientation selectivity in visual cortex by fluctuation-controlled criticality.

Louis Tao1, David Cai, David W McLaughlin

  • 1Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 15, 2006
PubMed
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Network connection sparsity creates intrinsic fluctuations, stabilizing macaque primary visual cortex models. This allows for orientation-selective complex cells and near contrast-invariant selectivity, crucial for visual processing.

Area of Science:

  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Systems Neuroscience
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Previous models of macaque primary visual cortex (V1) using strong inhibition and excitation reproduced simple and complex cell properties.
  • However, these models exhibited poor orientation selectivity in complex cells and network instabilities with increased excitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how intrinsic dynamic fluctuations in synaptic currents affect orientation selectivity in a V1 neuronal network model.
  • To explore the role of connection sparsity in stabilizing the network and enabling orientation-selective complex cells.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a large-scale neuronal network model of macaque primary visual cortex.
  • Manipulated connection sparsity to control intrinsic synaptic current fluctuations.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analyzed network stability, orientation selectivity, contrast invariance, and firing rate dynamics.

    • Main Results:

    • Network sparsity generates intrinsic fluctuations that stabilize the model.
    • A critical level of fluctuations, controlled by sparsity, leads to emergence of orientation-selective complex cells with strong cortical gain.
    • The sparse network demonstrates near contrast invariance and exhibits extracellular tuning properties consistent with experimental findings.

    Conclusions:

    • Intrinsic synaptic fluctuations, regulated by connection sparsity, are critical for orientation selectivity in V1 models.
    • Sparsity-induced fluctuations offer a mechanism for network stability and the emergence of complex cell properties.
    • The study highlights a transition in network dynamics related to bistability, impacting firing rates and orientation selectivity.