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Related Experiment Videos

Pacemaker activity resulting from the coupling with nonexcitable cells.

Vincent Jacquemet1

  • 1Signal Processing Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. vincent.jacquemet@3a.epfl.ch

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 16, 2006
PubMed
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Nonexcitable fibroblasts coupled with excitable cardiomyocytes can trigger spontaneous pacemaker activity. This electrotonic interaction, particularly with altered sodium current properties, may initiate arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Computational Biology
  • Cardiac Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Fibroblasts are nonexcitable cells that can interact electrically with excitable cells like cardiomyocytes.
  • Differences in resting potential between fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes can lead to current flow, potentially disrupting normal electrical activity.
  • Such electrotonic interactions may influence the generation of abnormal heart rhythms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential for spontaneous pacemaker activity arising from electrotonic interactions between excitable and nonexcitable cells.
  • To explore the conditions under which these interactions could lead to cardiac arrhythmias.
  • To model the electrical behavior of coupled fibroblast-cardiomyocyte systems.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized a theoretical two-cell coupled model.
  • Employed a multicellular fiber model incorporating Courtemanche kinetics.
  • Simulated the effects of altered sodium current activation and recovery properties on cellular excitability.

    • Main Results:

    • Spontaneous pacemaker activity was observed under specific conditions in the models.
    • The occurrence of this activity was dependent on a significant difference in resting potential and sufficient coupling strength.
    • Alterations in the excitability properties of the sodium current were crucial for generating repeated spontaneous activations.

    Conclusions:

    • Electrotonic interactions between fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes can lead to spontaneous activations.
    • These interactions, especially with modified sodium current dynamics, may serve as a mechanism for focal arrhythmia initiation.
    • This finding offers a potential explanation for the generation of arrhythmias such as atrial fibrillation.