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NMR velocity mapping of gas flow around solid objects.

Song-I Han1, Kimberly L Pierce, Alexander Pines

  • 1Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|August 16, 2006
PubMed
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We visualized gas flow around blunt objects using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) velocimetry. This tracer-free method successfully mapped gas flow vectors and wake patterns behind a sphere and an airplane model.

Area of Science:

  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Non-invasive Imaging
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Visualizing gas flow dynamics around solid objects is crucial for aerodynamic and engineering applications.
  • Traditional flow visualization methods often require tracers or are limited in their quantitative multi-dimensional capabilities.
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) imaging offers a potential tracer-free and model-free approach for quantitative flow analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the utility of NMR velocimetry for visualizing and quantifying gas flow around blunt bodies.
  • To showcase the application of hyperpolarized Xenon-129 (¹²⁹Xe) NMR for overcoming signal limitations in dilute gas phases.
  • To map the velocity vectors and wake structures in gas flow patterns.

Main Methods:

Related Experiment Videos

  • Employed Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) velocimetry, a technique enabling quantitative, multi-dimensional flow visualization without tracers or models.
  • Utilized hyperpolarization of Xenon-129 (¹²⁹Xe) gas to enhance NMR signal sensitivity, compensating for the low density of the gas phase.
  • Leveraged the long coherence time of ¹²⁹Xe to achieve accurate velocity vector mapping.

    • Main Results:

    • Successfully visualized and quantified the diverging gas flow patterns around a sphere.
    • Identified and mapped the wake patterns immediately behind the sphere using vectoral visualization.
    • Observed a less disrupted flow pattern when applied to an aerodynamic model airplane body.

    Conclusions:

    • NMR velocimetry, particularly with hyperpolarized ¹²⁹Xe, is a powerful tool for detailed, quantitative gas flow visualization.
    • The technique effectively captures complex flow phenomena such as wake formation behind blunt bodies.
    • Demonstrated the adaptability of NMR velocimetry for analyzing flow dynamics relevant to aerodynamic studies.