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Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Indian patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery

R R Kasliwal1, A Kulshreshtha, Sweta Agrawal

  • 1Escorts Heart Institute and Research Centre, New Delhi.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|August 17, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Cardiovascular risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are highly prevalent in Indian patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). This highlights the need for better risk management strategies in this population.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Conventional cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) significantly impact outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).
  • The prevalence of CVRFs is rising in the Indian population.
  • Data on CVRF prevalence in Indian CABG patients is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of major CVRFs in Indian patients undergoing elective CABG.
  • To analyze the distribution of these risk factors based on demographics such as age and sex.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study included 1000 consecutive patients undergoing elective CABG.
  • Data on major CVRFs including BMI, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking history were collected.
  • Prevalence rates were calculated for the overall cohort and stratified by sex and age groups.

Main Results:

  • High prevalence of CVRFs was observed: 47.5% had diabetes, 70.9% had hypertension, and 85.6% had dyslipidemia.
  • Over 95% of patients had at least one major CVRF, with only 4.1% being risk-factor-free.
  • Younger patients (<45 years) showed higher rates of dyslipidemia, family history of premature CAD, and smoking compared to older patients.

Conclusions:

  • Indian patients undergoing CABG exhibit a high prevalence of conventional cardiovascular risk factors, particularly diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
  • These findings underscore the importance of addressing CVRFs in this patient group.
  • The study highlights demographic variations in risk factor prevalence, with younger patients presenting unique risk profiles.
Abstract

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