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Transient left ventricular apical ballooning.

Jorge Guardado¹, Camiño Bañuelos, João Costa

¹Serviço de Cardiologia Intervencionista, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Espanha. jobeguardado@netcabo.pt

Revista Portuguesa De Cardiologia : Orgao Oficial Da Sociedade Portuguesa De Cardiologia = Portuguese Journal of Cardiology : an Official Journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology

|August 17, 2006

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A rare heart condition, transient apical ballooning syndrome, mimicked a heart attack in an elderly woman after emotional stress. Prompt diagnosis and medical therapy led to a full recovery of heart function.

Area of Science:

Cardiology
Cardiovascular Medicine
Clinical Case Study

Background:

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) diagnosis typically involves coronary artery stenosis.
Emotional stress can precipitate cardiovascular events.

Observation:

An elderly woman presented with symptoms of acute anterior myocardial infarction following intense emotional stress.
Coronary angiography revealed no significant coronary stenosis.
Left ventriculography and echocardiography showed severe apical dilatation and dyskinesia.

Findings:

The clinical presentation and diagnostic findings were consistent with transient apical ballooning syndrome (TABS).
TABS can mimic acute myocardial infarction without obstructive coronary artery disease.
The patient experienced a favorable clinical evolution with complete recovery of left ventricular systolic function after medical therapy.

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Implications:

This case highlights the importance of considering TABS in the differential diagnosis of myocardial infarction-like presentations, especially after emotional stress.
Understanding the pathophysiologic mechanisms of TABS is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
Early recognition and appropriate medical management can lead to excellent outcomes in TABS patients.