Microvessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in sinus augmentation using Bio-Oss

Area of Science:

• Oral surgery
• Regenerative medicine
• Biomaterials science

Background:

• Sinus augmentation is crucial for dental implant placement.
• Bio-Oss is a commonly used bone graft material.
• Understanding angiogenesis in augmented bone is vital for clinical success.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate microvessel density (MVD) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in sinus augmentations using Bio-Oss.
• To compare MVD and VEGF at different healing times (3 and 6 months) post-augmentation.

Main Methods:

• Twenty patients underwent sinus augmentation with 100% Bio-Oss.
• Bone cores were harvested at 3 months (Group A) and 6 months (Group B).
• Pre-existing subantral bone served as the control, with MVD and VEGF assessed.

Main Results:

• Mean MVD in control bone was 23.6 ± 1.8.
• MVD at 3 months (23.3 ± 2.1) was not significantly different from control.
• MVD at 6 months (29.5 ± 2.4) was significantly higher than control and 3-month groups (P < 0.05).
• VEGF expression was higher in newly formed bone compared to maturing bone.

Conclusions:

• Bio-Oss promotes angiogenesis, with increased MVD evident by 6 months.
• A spatial relationship exists between angiogenesis and osteogenesis during sinus augmentation.
• VEGF expression correlates with MVD and bone maturation stages.