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Pilot clinical trial of gabapentin to decrease postoperative delirium in older patients.

J M Leung1, L P Sands, M Rico

  • 1Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0648, USA. leungj@anesthesia.ucsf.edu

Neurology
|August 18, 2006
PubMed
Summary
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Gabapentin effectively reduced postoperative delirium in a pilot study. This pain management strategy appears to work by decreasing the need for opioids.

Area of Science:

  • Anesthesiology
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Postoperative delirium is a common complication, particularly in older adults.
  • Opioid use for pain management can contribute to delirium.
  • Gabapentin is an anticonvulsant with potential analgesic properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate gabapentin as an adjunct therapy for postoperative pain.
  • To determine if gabapentin reduces the incidence of postoperative delirium.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized pilot clinical trial was conducted.
  • Patients received either gabapentin or a placebo as an add-on treatment for postoperative pain.

Main Results:

  • Postoperative delirium occurred in 42% of patients receiving placebo (5/12).

Related Experiment Videos

  • No patients (0/9) who received gabapentin experienced postoperative delirium (p = 0.045).
  • Gabapentin demonstrated an opioid-sparing effect.

    • Conclusions:

    • Gabapentin may be a viable strategy to prevent postoperative delirium.
    • The opioid-sparing effect of gabapentin likely contributes to delirium reduction.
    • Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in larger trials.