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The SAFE strategy for trachoma control: Using operational research for policy, planning and implementation
Paul M Emerson1, Matthew Burton, Anthony W Solomon
1The Carter Center, Atlanta, GA 30306, USA. paul.emerson@emory.edu
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|August 19, 2006
Summary
Trachoma control programs utilize the SAFE strategy (Surgery, Antibiotics, Facial cleanliness, Environment) to combat infectious blindness. Operational research has refined implementation, improving program effectiveness and reducing the gap between evidence and practice.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness globally.
- It significantly impacts quality of life and hinders socioeconomic development.
- The World Health Organization (WHO) endorses the integrated SAFE strategy for trachoma control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the impact of operational research on the implementation of the SAFE strategy.
- To demonstrate how evidence-based findings refine public health interventions.
- To showcase the successful integration of research into national trachoma control programs.
Main Methods:
- The study reviews the evolution of the SAFE strategy based on operational research findings.
- It examines changes in surgical procedures, antibiotic administration, and hygiene promotion.
- It emphasizes the collaborative role of program implementers in research.
Main Results:
- Operational research has led to task-shifting for surgery to paramedics and community-based delivery.
- Mass distribution of oral azithromycin has replaced topical treatments.
- Promotion of hygiene, face-washing, and sanitation has been integrated to reduce transmission.
Conclusions:
- Operational research is integral to the successful implementation of trachoma control programs.
- The SAFE strategy, refined by research, provides a reliable framework for national programs.
- Continued research is essential to address remaining challenges in trachoma elimination.
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