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[Apnea of prematurity: risk factors and ambulatory treatment with caffeine citrate]

S Ducrocq1, V Biran-Mucignat, P-Y Boelle

  • 1Service de Néonatologie, Hôpital d'Enfants Armand-Trousseau, APHP, 26, avenue du Docteur-Arnold-Netter, 75771 Paris cedex 12, France. sarah.ducrocq@cch.aphp.fr <sarah.ducrocq@cch.aphp.fr>

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|August 22, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Persistent apnea in preterm infants can be predicted by factors like low birth weight and reflux. Discharging infants home with caffeine citrate treatment is a safe alternative to prolonged hospitalization.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Pediatric Pulmonology

Background:

  • Apnea of prematurity typically resolves by 36-37 weeks postmenstrual age.
  • Persistent apnea beyond term affects infants born at the youngest gestational ages (24-28 weeks).
  • Caffeine citrate treatment is used for preterm infants with persistent apnea, with discontinuation typically at 42 weeks postmenstrual age.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify predictive factors for persistent apnea in preterm infants.
  • To evaluate the safety and efficacy of home-based caffeine citrate treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective study comparing 41 preterm infants discharged with treatment to 123 discharged without.
  • Analysis of clinical factors associated with persistent apnea.

Main Results:

  • Significant predictors of persistent apnea include birth weight <1500 g, hypotension, gastroesophageal reflux, need for continuous positive airway pressure, and multiparity.
  • No infant deaths or adverse effects were reported by parents during home treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Persistent apnea can lead to extended hospital stays.
  • Identifiable risk factors aid in managing persistent apnea.
  • Home discharge with caffeine citrate treatment is a viable alternative to hospitalization for selected preterm infants.
Abstract

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