A numerical approach to resonance frequency analysis for the investigation of oral implant osseointegration

Experimental devices based on vibration testing are employed as non-destructive procedures for evaluating implants osseointegration. Their behaviour was evaluated considering the outcome of numerical analysis. The purpose was to use the finite element method for assessing the ability of frequency analysis in detecting the degree of oral implant osseointegration. A three-dimensional model of a mandible was obtained from tomographic survey. A single implant was considered in canine region. Two configurations were analysed, with and without a mass linked to the implant as a cantilever, reproducing experimental devices. Simulation consisted of analysing the response to impulse forces for different osseointegration levels, thus evaluating the biomechanical efficiency of the implant-bone compound. A good correlation between frequency response and osseointegration level was obtained. This was carried out by providing an impulse excitation of the implant that resulted in a vibration pattern. Within the limit of finite element analysis, the outcomes showed that numerical investigation provides understanding the behaviour of testing devices based on frequency measurements, confirming the potential of vibrations technique as non-invasive analysis for osseointegration process.