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Wine constituents inhibit thrombosis but not atherogenesis in C57BL/6 apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.

Thierry Soulat1, Catherine Philippe, Claire Bal dit Sollier

  • 1Laboratoire de Thrombose et d'Athérosclérose Expérimentales, IVS, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France.

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Moderate red wine consumption may protect against cardiovascular events by reducing blood clot formation, not by shrinking arterial plaques. This antithrombotic effect is key to its potential cardiovascular benefits.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular research
  • Nutritional science
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Moderate wine consumption is linked to lower cardiovascular event rates in some populations.
  • The mechanisms behind this potential protective effect, particularly regarding alcohol and red wine polyphenols, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of alcohol and red wine extract (rich in polyphenols) on atherosclerotic lesion development and thrombotic reactivity.
  • To determine if red wine's cardioprotective effects are due to reduced plaque size or attenuated blood clot formation.

Main Methods:

  • ApoE-deficient (apoE(-/-)) and wild-type mice were administered alcohol alone, red wine extract with alcohol, or purified (+)-catechin with alcohol for 12 weeks.
  • Aortic atherosclerotic lesions were measured, and ex vivo thrombotic reactivity was assessed using a cylindrical perfusion chamber model.

Main Results:

  • Alcohol-containing mixtures did not reduce, and in some cases increased, aortic atherosclerotic lesion size in apoE(-/-) mice.
  • Red wine extract and (+)-catechin significantly inhibited blood thrombotic reactivity in apoE(-/-) mice (64% and 63% thrombus area reduction, respectively).
  • A similar, though less pronounced, reduction in thrombogenicity was observed in wild-type mice.

Conclusions:

  • Moderate red wine consumption may protect against cardiovascular events primarily by attenuating thrombotic responses, rather than by reducing atherosclerotic lesion development.
  • The antithrombotic effect of red wine components may normalize heightened thrombotic reactivity and exert direct antithrombotic actions.