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Anthozoa red fluorescent protein in biosensing.

Suresh Shrestha¹, Sapna K Deo

¹Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

|August 23, 2006

Summary

A red fluorescent protein (DsRed) from corals offers a valuable alternative to green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) for multicolor labeling and biosensing applications in research.

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Molecular Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

Green fluorescent proteins (GFPs) are widely used in biomedical research.
Red fluorescent proteins (DsRed) from Anthozoa corals offer an alternative with distinct spectral properties.
DsRed enables enhanced multicolor labeling when used with GFPs.

Purpose of the Study:

To discuss the applications of DsRed in various biosensing techniques.
To highlight the advantages and limitations of DsRed as a fluorescent tag.
To explore future developments of DsRed mutants for bioanalysis.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on DsRed properties and applications.
Analysis of DsRed's utility in Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) and Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) assays.

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Examination of DsRed's role in whole-cell assays and biosensor development.

Main Results:

DsRed exhibits valuable properties like high photostability, red-shifted emission, and pH stability.
DsRed facilitates multicolor labeling studies, expanding research possibilities.
Challenges with DsRed include slow folding and tetramer formation, addressed by mutational studies.

Conclusions:

DsRed is a versatile fluorescent tag with significant applications in biosensing and cell biology.
Mutational studies are crucial for overcoming DsRed's limitations and enhancing its utility.
Future engineered DsRed variants will broaden its bioanalytical applications.