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The Motivation for Alcohol Reward: Predictors of Progressive-Ratio Intravenous Alcohol Self-Administration in Humans

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Does alcohol stimulate appetite and energy intake?

¹East and North Hertfordshire NHS Trust. caroline.gee@nhs.net

British Journal of Community Nursing

|August 24, 2006

Summary

Alcohol consumption does not significantly stimulate appetite, contrary to anecdotal beliefs. However, high doses of alcohol may increase overall energy intake, though more research is needed.

Area of Science:

Nutrition Science
Gastroenterology
Endocrinology

Background:

Anecdotal evidence suggests alcohol stimulates appetite, particularly in individuals with poor appetite.
This belief warrants systematic investigation to determine its scientific validity.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review existing evidence on the effects of alcohol on appetite and energy intake.
To assess whether alcohol consumption influences appetite and subsequent energy consumption.

Main Methods:

A mini-review approach was employed, analyzing eight relevant studies.
Studies were evaluated for significant differences in appetite ratings and energy intake following alcohol preloads.

Main Results:

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Only one study demonstrated a significant difference in appetite ratings between alcohol and no-alcohol conditions.

Three of the eight studies showed significant increases in energy intake after a high-dose alcohol preload.

One additional study indicated a non-significant increase in energy intake post-alcohol.

Conclusions:

The notion that alcohol stimulates appetite is largely unsubstantiated by current scientific evidence.
Alcohol consumption, particularly at high doses, appears to have a significant effect on energy intake.
Further research with larger sample sizes is recommended to clarify alcohol's impact on energy balance.