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Apical protein transport.

D Delacour1, R Jacob

  • 1Department of Cell Biology and Cell Pathology, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Str. 6, 35033, Marburg, Germany.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|August 24, 2006
PubMed
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This review details how epithelial cells maintain polarity by sorting proteins to specific membrane domains. It explores apical sorting signals and cellular factors involved in trafficking to the cell surface.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Epithelial cells and hepatocytes possess polarized plasma membranes, with distinct apical and basolateral domains.
  • Maintaining this polarity is crucial for cellular function and relies on sophisticated intracellular sorting and trafficking machinery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the characteristics of apical sorting signals in epithelial cells.
  • To discuss the cellular factors and mechanisms governing apical protein sorting and transport.
  • To highlight the role of membrane microdomains in apical trafficking.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on protein sorting and trafficking.
  • Analysis of cellular mechanisms involved in apical polarity maintenance.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of the role of specific signals and transport platforms.

    • Main Results:

    • Apical protein sorting utilizes diverse signals and intracellular routes.
    • Some apical trafficking pathways depend on sphingolipid/cholesterol-rich lipid rafts.
    • Other pathways employ distinct transport platforms, indicating a heterogeneous sorting system.

    Conclusions:

    • Cellular polarity is actively maintained through regulated protein sorting.
    • Apical sorting signals are varied, influencing distinct trafficking routes.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is key to comprehending epithelial cell function.