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Related Experiment Videos

Vitamins and trace elements: practical aspects of supplementation.

Mette M Berger1, Alan Shenkin

  • 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine & Burns Center, University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.)
|August 25, 2006
PubMed
Summary

Micronutrients, including vitamins and trace elements, are crucial from day one of artificial nutrition. Clinical judgment is key, as lab tests offer limited value in acutely ill patients needing prompt supplementation.

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Area of Science:

  • Clinical Nutrition
  • Trace Element Metabolism
  • Vitamin Supplementation

Background:

  • Micronutrients are essential components of parenteral nutrition.
  • Early and appropriate administration of vitamins and trace elements is vital for patient outcomes.
  • Specific patient populations are at higher risk for micronutrient deficiencies.

Observation:

  • Blood level testing for micronutrients in acutely ill patients has limited diagnostic value.
  • Clinical judgment is paramount for managing micronutrient needs.
  • Certain conditions like major burns, trauma, acute renal failure, cancer, hyperemesis, and malnutrition lead to rapid micronutrient depletion.

Findings:

  • Immediate micronutrient supplementation is essential for high-risk patients.

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  • Severe micronutrient deficits must be addressed before they manifest as clinical deficiencies.
  • Specialized trace element preparations (low-manganese, manganese-free) are recommended for specific patient groups.
  • Slow infusion over extended periods minimizes losses and separate administration of trace elements and vitamins prevents interactions.

    • Implications:

    • Ensuring adequate micronutrient provision is a critical aspect of patient care.
    • Failure to prevent or treat micronutrient deficiencies represents a significant lapse in care.
    • Tailored micronutrient supplementation, considering individual patient conditions, is necessary.
    • Optimizing parenteral nutrition requires careful consideration of micronutrient delivery strategies.