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Hyperglycemia in extremely low birth weight infants in a predominantly Hispanic population and related morbidities

C L Blanco1, J G Baillargeon, R L Morrison

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA. blanco@uthscsa.edu

Journal of Perinatology : Official Journal of the California Perinatal Association
|August 25, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Hyperglycemia is common in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants, with lower gestational age being a key factor. This condition is linked to an increased risk of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Ophthalmology

Background:

  • Hyperglycemia is a frequent complication in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants.
  • Understanding its incidence, predictors, and associated morbidities is crucial for neonatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and correlates of hyperglycemia in ELBW infants.
  • To investigate the association between hyperglycemia and subsequent morbidities, particularly retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 169 infants with birth weight (BW) < 1000 g.
  • Hyperglycemia defined as plasma glucose ≥ 150 mg/dl within the first two weeks of life.
  • Statistical analyses included logistic regression, multivariate analysis, and Fisher exact test.

Main Results:

  • 88% of ELBW infants developed hyperglycemia in the first two weeks.
  • Lower gestational age (GA) and chorioamnionitis were inversely associated with hyperglycemia.
  • Hyperglycemia was significantly associated with an increased incidence of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after adjusting for GA, BW, and postnatal steroids.

Conclusions:

  • Lower gestational age is the primary factor associated with hyperglycemia in ELBW infants.
  • Hyperglycemia is linked to a higher incidence of ROP, suggesting a potential causal relationship requiring further investigation.
Abstract

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