Clinical patterns of ocular anaphylaxis in guinea pigs passively sensitized with IgG1 antibody

A model of topically induced ocular anaphylaxis in guinea pigs was developed. A guinea pig anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) bovine gamma-globulin antiserum rich in IgG1 antibodies was injected subconjunctivally; various serum dilutions and latent periods were tested. The anaphylactic response was elicited with di-DNP-lysine applied topically. The response was characterized by rating 11 ocular signs. Although the 4-hour latent period is considered optimal for passive cutaneous anaphylaxis, a 14-hour latent period yielded the strongest ocular reaction and appeared to the most appropriate time for clinical assessment. Both an early-phase reaction (peaking in the 21st hour) and a late-phase reaction (peaking at 6-10 h) were observed. The two signs of the early-phase reaction that recurred in the late-phase reaction were periorbital swelling and lid redness. The anaphylactic reaction displayed different patterns in different animals: protracted, biphasic and multiphasic.