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Related Concept Videos

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline01:16

Bernoulli's Equation for Flow Normal to a Streamline

Bernoulli's equation for flow normal to a streamline explains how pressure varies across curved streamlines due to the outward centrifugal forces induced by the fluid's curvature. The pressure is higher on the inner side of the curve, near the center of curvature, and decreases outward to balance these centrifugal forces.
The pressure difference depends on the fluid's velocity and radius of curvature. The pressure variation is minimal in flows with nearly straight streamlines. However, the...
Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Curved Surface

Hydrostatic pressure on curved surfaces is a fundamental concept in fluid mechanics with broad applications in the civil engineering field. When fluid is in contact with a curved surface, as in a reservoir, dam, or storage tank, it exerts pressure that varies in magnitude and direction along the curved surface. To assess the total hydrostatic force exerted by the fluid on a curved structure, engineers typically isolate the fluid volume adjacent to the surface and analyze the forces acting on...
Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width

When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
Concept of Pressure at a Point01:15

Concept of Pressure at a Point

The concept of pressure at a point in a fluid establishes that pressure within a fluid is uniform in all directions at a specific location. This uniformity occurs because fluid molecules exert force evenly across any point due to their random motion and continuous collisions within the fluid. Pressure at a point is determined by the surrounding fluid molecules and is influenced by factors like depth and density, rather than by shape or orientation.
In a fluid at rest, pressure acts equally in...
pV-Diagrams01:18

pV-Diagrams

The pV diagram, which is a graph of pressure versus volume of the gas under study, is helpful in describing certain aspects of the substance. When the substance behaves like an ideal gas, the ideal gas equation describes the relationship between its pressure and volume. On a pV diagram, it is common to plot an isotherm, which is a curve showing p as a function of V with the number of molecules and the temperature fixed. Then, for an ideal gas, the product of the pressure of the gas and its...
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Pressure of Fluids

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Measurement of the Pressure-volume Curve in Mouse Lungs
09:49

Measurement of the Pressure-volume Curve in Mouse Lungs

Published on: January 27, 2015

What is a pressure-volume curve?

Laurent Brochard1

  • 1Réanimation Médicale, AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Université Paris XII, INSERM U651, Créteil, France.

Critical Care (London, England)
|August 26, 2006
PubMed
Summary

The pressure-volume (PV) curve is a useful tool for monitoring acute respiratory distress syndrome patients on mechanical ventilation. While PV curve tracing can cause minor, transient effects, these generally do not invalidate its diagnostic value.

Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • The pressure-volume (PV) curve is a physiological measurement used in mechanical ventilation.
  • It is proposed for diagnosing and monitoring acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
  • PV curve characteristics like compliance and inflection points may indicate disease severity and lung mechanics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of the pressure-volume (PV) curve in mechanical ventilation for ARDS.
  • To assess the significance of PV curve markers for severity and lung pressures.
  • To determine if the process of tracing the PV curve affects its interpretation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the pressure-volume (PV) curve as a physiological monitoring tool.

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Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Measurement of the Pressure-volume Curve in Mouse Lungs
09:49

Measurement of the Pressure-volume Curve in Mouse Lungs

Published on: January 27, 2015

Measuring Pressure Volume Loops in the Mouse
09:15

Measuring Pressure Volume Loops in the Mouse

Published on: May 2, 2016

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves
07:12

Design of a Cyclic Pressure Bioreactor for the Ex Vivo Study of Aortic Heart Valves

Published on: August 23, 2011

  • Analyzed reduction in compliance and inflection points on the PV curve.
  • Considered potential influences of curve tracing on lung distension and hemodynamics.

    • Main Results:

    • PV curve analysis provides markers for ARDS severity, opening, and closing pressures.
    • Tracing the PV curve can transiently affect lung distension and, in some cases, hemodynamics.
    • These effects are typically negligible and do not invalidate the PV curve measurement.

    Conclusions:

    • The pressure-volume (PV) curve is a valuable tool for ARDS management during mechanical ventilation.
    • Potential transient effects of PV curve tracing are generally not clinically significant.
    • PV curve measurements remain reliable for assessing lung mechanics and guiding ventilation strategies.