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Patch clamp studies of lymphocyte activation.

P Gardner1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Stanford University, California 94305.

Annual Review of Immunology
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Lymphocyte activation involves ion channel activity, including calcium-permeable and potassium channels, crucial for signaling and cell proliferation. Understanding these ion channels aids in comprehending immune responses and potential therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Lymphocyte activation by antigen or mitogens triggers signaling cascades involving ion fluxes.
  • Intracellular calcium (Ca2+) increase and potassium (K+) efflux are key events in T- and B-cell activation.
  • Ion channels play a critical role in mediating these ion fluxes and membrane potential changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the types and functions of ion channels involved in T- and B-lymphocyte activation.
  • To elucidate the role of specific ion channels in calcium signaling and membrane potential modulation during lymphocyte activation.
  • To explore the potential involvement of these ion channels in lymphocyte proliferation (mitogenesis).

Main Methods:

  • Patch clamp electrophysiology was used to identify and characterize ion channels in T and B lymphocytes.
  • Studies examined the effects of activating ligands and second messengers (e.g., InsP3) on channel activity.
  • Pharmacological agents (K+ channel blockers) were used to investigate the role of ion channels in mitogenesis.

Main Results:

  • A non-voltage-gated, Ca2+-permeable channel in T cells, regulated by inositol trisphosphate (InsP3), was identified.
  • Voltage-gated K+ channels, with subtypes varying by cell state, were found in T cells and implicated in mitogenesis.
  • A Ca2+-activated K+ channel was described in T cells, likely responsible for K+ efflux and hyperpolarization.
  • Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels were observed in murine B lymphocytes (myeloma and hybridoma cells).

Conclusions:

  • Ion channels, including Ca2+-permeable and K+ channels, are integral to T- and B-lymphocyte activation processes.
  • InsP3-mediated regulation of Ca2+ channels and the role of K+ channels in mitogenesis highlight their functional significance.
  • Further research is needed to fully determine the precise functional roles of these identified ion channels in lymphocyte activation and proliferation.

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