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Jasmonate in lepidopteran larvae.

John F Tooker1, Consuelo M De Moraes

  • 1Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, 501 ASI Building, University Park, PA 16802-3508, USA. tooker@psu.edu

Journal of Chemical Ecology
|August 26, 2006
PubMed
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Jasmonic acid (JA) is crucial for plant defense. This study shows caterpillars accumulate JA in tissues, especially salivary glands, influencing plant defense signaling.

Area of Science:

  • Plant Science
  • Chemical Ecology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • Jasmonic acid (JA) is a vital phytohormone mediating plant defenses against herbivory.
  • Previous research indicated high JA concentrations in early life stages of lepidopteran species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify jasmonic acid (JA) concentrations in various tissues of *H. virescens* larvae.
  • To investigate JA accumulation and excretion patterns in response to dietary JA levels and transgenic plant sources.

Main Methods:

  • Larvae of *H. virescens* were reared on artificial diets with varying JA concentrations.
  • Larvae were also fed on genetically modified tobacco lines with altered JA production capabilities.
  • JA concentrations were measured in different larval tissues, frass, and regurgitant.

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Main Results:

  • At high dietary JA levels, excess JA was excreted in frass, but significant amounts were detected in most larval tissues and regurgitant.
  • At lower dietary JA concentrations, caterpillars excreted less JA and accumulated proportionally more in their tissues.
  • Substantial JA accumulation was consistently observed in the labial salivary glands across experimental conditions.

Conclusions:

  • Larval *H. virescens* actively manage and accumulate jasmonic acid (JA) within their tissues, particularly salivary glands.
  • The findings highlight the complex interplay between herbivore physiology and plant defense signaling molecules.
  • Accumulation of JA in salivary glands suggests a potential role in modulating plant responses during herbivory.