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Related Concept Videos

Proofreading01:43

Proofreading

Overview
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:08

Nucleotide Excision Repair

Overview
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms
09:51

Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms

Published on: May 25, 2018

RNA editing involves indiscriminate U changes throughout precisely defined editing domains.

C J Decker1, B Sollner-Webb

  • 1Department of Biological Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.

Cell
|June 15, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

RNA editing in trypanosomatids involves U-residue insertion/deletion in mitochondrial transcripts. This study reveals editing is indiscriminate within domains, occurring before polyadenylation, suggesting cycles of modification and protection.

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Enhanced Genome Editing with Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein in Diverse Cells and Organisms
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CRISPR/Cas9 Editing of the C. elegans rbm-3.2 Gene using the dpy-10 Co-CRISPR Screening Marker and Assembled Ribonucleoprotein Complexes.
07:46

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A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing
08:50

A Nonsequencing Approach for the Rapid Detection of RNA Editing

Published on: April 21, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • RNA editing is a unique posttranscriptional modification in trypanosomatids.
  • It involves the insertion or deletion of uracil (U) residues in mitochondrial transcripts.
  • Understanding the precise mechanisms and regulation of RNA editing is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the characteristics of RNA editing in trypanosomatid mitochondrial transcripts.
  • To analyze partially edited COIII and CYb RNAs using a novel cDNA cloning scheme.
  • To elucidate the patterns and potential mechanisms of U insertion/deletion during editing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel cDNA cloning strategy.
  • Analyzed partially edited mitochondrial transcripts, specifically COIII and CYb RNAs.
  • Examined the distribution and nature of U-residue modifications within editing domains.

Main Results:

  • RNA editing is indiscriminate within specific editing domains, affecting both necessary and unnecessary sites.
  • Incomplete editing is confined to precise domains, not extending to adjacent unedited regions.
  • The editing process appears to initiate before polyadenylation of the transcripts.
  • Proposed a model involving cycles of cleavage, U addition/deletion, and religation, with protection of correctly edited sites.

Conclusions:

  • RNA editing in trypanosomatids is a complex process characterized by indiscriminate U-residue modification within defined domains.
  • The timing of editing relative to polyadenylation and the proposed protective mechanism offer new insights into RNA processing.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the enzymes and regulatory factors involved in this unique RNA modification system.