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Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) gene polymorphism is not associated with severe and cerebral malaria in
Naowarut Dechkum1, Hathairad Hananantachai, Jintana Patarapotikul
1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol Univeristy, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
Abstract:
The pathogenesis of cerebral malaria from Plasmodium falciparum infection is thought to involve inflammation of the central nervous system. Since monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) is a chemokine strongly involved in the inflammatory process, we here study MCP-1 gene polymorphisms in association with severe or cerebral malaria in Thailand. Malaria patients in the northwest of Thailand were grouped into mild (n=206), severe (165), and cerebral (110) malaria case groups. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter (-2518A/G, -2348G/C, -2158C/T, -2076A/T, and -2072T/C), and 1 SNP in intron 1 (764C/G) were analyzed by PCR-RFLP, PCR-SSP, or direct sequencing. The SNP -2158 was a novel polymorphism found in this study. For all SNPs, genotype and allele frequencies were not significantly different between mild and severe or mild and cerebral malaria. Strong linkage disequilibrium was found among 4 SNPs (-2518A/G, -2348G/C, -2076A/T, and 764C/G), resulting in 4 major estimated haplotypes. The most common haplotype was GGAC. The results indicated that MCP-1 gene polymorphisms were not associated with malaria severity, implying that MCP-1 was not a cause of malaria severity in this Thai population.
Insights
Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) gene variations are not linked to severe or cerebral malaria in Thailand. This study suggests MCP-1 does not cause malaria severity in this population.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Cerebral malaria pathogenesis involves central nervous system inflammation.
- Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) is a key chemokine in inflammatory processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between MCP-1 gene polymorphisms and severe or cerebral malaria in a Thai population.
- To determine if MCP-1 genetic variations contribute to malaria severity.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MCP-1 promoter and one in intron 1.
- Genotyping performed using PCR-RFLP, PCR-SSP, and direct sequencing.
- Haplotype analysis conducted on SNPs with significant linkage disequilibrium.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in genotype or allele frequencies for any analyzed MCP-1 SNPs between mild, severe, and cerebral malaria groups.
- Four major haplotypes were estimated due to strong linkage disequilibrium among four SNPs.
- The most common haplotype identified was GGAC.
Conclusions:
- MCP-1 gene polymorphisms are not associated with malaria severity in the studied Thai population.
- These findings imply that MCP-1 does not play a causal role in the development of malaria severity.
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