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Updated: Jul 20, 2026

Point-of-Care Kidney and Genitourinary Ultrasound in Adults: Image Acquisition
Published on: June 21, 2024
[WHO classification 2004: tumors of the kidneys]
E Compérat1, P Camparo, A Vieillefond
1Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Hôpital La Pitié Salpêtrière, 83 bd de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France. evacomperat@yahoo.fr
Abstract:
New entities, confirmed either by cytogenetic findings or by new molecular markers, have been included in the WHO 2004 renal tumor classification. Moreover, imaging improvements provide a better radiologic description of tumors. In this article, we will discuss the WHO 2004 classification and focus on the new entities and their macroscopic appearance. We will especially insist on the following entities: multilocular clear cell renal carcinoma, Xp11 translocation carcinoma, low-grade mucinous tubular carcinoma, epithelioid angiomyolipoma, and benign mixed epithelial and stromal tumor. We also discuss the new concept of hybrid oncocytoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma, as well as the Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, which is associated with kidney tumors.
Insights
The 2004 WHO renal tumor classification includes new entities and improved imaging for better tumor description. This review details these new renal carcinoma entities and their macroscopic features.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Context:
- The World Health Organization (WHO) 2004 renal tumor classification introduced novel entities.
- Advances in medical imaging enhance the radiologic description of renal tumors.
Purpose:
- To discuss the WHO 2004 renal tumor classification.
- To focus on newly identified renal tumor entities and their macroscopic appearance.
Summary:
- Highlights include multilocular clear cell renal carcinoma, Xp11 translocation carcinoma, low-grade mucinous tubular carcinoma, epithelioid angiomyolipoma, and benign mixed epithelial and stromal tumor.
- The classification also addresses the hybrid oncocytoma and chromophobe renal cell carcinoma concept.
- Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome and its association with kidney tumors are also discussed.
Impact:
- Provides essential information for pathologists and radiologists in diagnosing renal tumors.
- Facilitates accurate classification and understanding of new renal tumor entities.
- Contributes to improved patient management and research in renal oncology.
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