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Published on: June 2, 2014
Prevalence of migraine headaches in patients with allergic rhinitis
Min Ku1, Bernard Silverman, Nausika Prifti
1Allergy & Asthma Care PA, Haddonfield, New Jersey 08033, USA. mku72@hotmail.com
Background:
Histamine has been implicated in the pathogenesis of migraine headaches. Because allergic rhinitis (AR) is a histamine-driven syndrome and the nasal passage is in close proximity to the central nervous system, we hypothesize that AR may trigger migraine headaches.
Objective:
To determine the prevalence of migraine headaches in patients with and without AR.
Methods:
Allergic rhinitis was diagnosed based on skin or radioallergosorbent test results, clinical history, and physical examination findings. The diagnosis of migraine headache was made if patients fulfilled the International Headache Society criteria. Surveys were obtained from hospital-based allergy, pediatric, and internal medicine clinics, all serving the same inner-city population.
Results:
A total of 294 surveys were completed. Of 76 patients in the AR group, 26 (34%) had headaches meeting the International Headache Society criteria for migraines, and of the 57 patients in the non-AR group, only 2 (4%) had headaches that met the criteria. A Fisher exact test showed P = 8.2 x 10(-6). The odds ratio was 14.3, which signifies that the odds of having migraine headaches is 14.3 times higher in the AR group than in the non-AR group.
Conclusions:
There is a high prevalence of migraine headaches in patients with AR compared with those without AR. We propose that histamine plays a key role in triggering migraines by means of vasodilation and inflammation in the pathogenesis of migraine headaches.
Insights
Patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) have a significantly higher prevalence of migraine headaches. This suggests histamine, a key mediator in AR, may trigger migraines through vasodilation and inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Immunology
- Allergy
Background:
- Histamine is implicated in migraine pathogenesis.
- Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a histamine-driven condition.
- Proximity of nasal passages to the central nervous system suggests a link between AR and migraines.
Observation:
- The study investigated the prevalence of migraine headaches in patients with and without AR.
- Diagnoses were based on established criteria (International Headache Society) and allergy testing.
- Surveys were conducted in hospital-based clinics serving an inner-city population.
Findings:
- A significantly higher prevalence of migraine headaches was observed in patients with AR (34%) compared to those without AR (4%).
- The odds of experiencing migraine headaches were 14.3 times greater in the AR group.
- Statistical analysis confirmed a highly significant association (P = 8.2 x 10(-6)).
Implications:
- Findings suggest AR is a significant risk factor for migraine headaches.
- Histamine's role in vasodilation and inflammation may be a key mechanism triggering migraines in AR patients.
- This highlights potential therapeutic targets for migraine prevention and treatment in individuals with AR.
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