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Is there a liver stem cell?

S Sell1

  • 1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030.

Cancer Research
|July 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A liver stem cell may drive liver regeneration and cancer. These stem cells differentiate into liver cells or bile duct cells, potentially leading to liver cancer through aberrant differentiation.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Carcinogenesis

Background:

  • The existence and function of a liver stem cell are increasingly supported by evidence.
  • Liver stem cells possess the potential to differentiate into hepatocytes or bile ductular cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of a putative liver stem cell in liver regeneration and carcinogenesis.
  • To explore the origin and behavior of liver stem cells and oval cells in response to injury and carcinogens.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on liver stem cells, oval cells, regeneration, and carcinogenesis.
  • Analysis of evidence regarding cell differentiation and proliferation in the liver.

Main Results:

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  • Severe liver injury or hepatocarcinogen exposure activates liver stem cells, which proliferate.
  • Moderate liver injury is repaired by mature hepatocyte proliferation.
  • Chemical hepatocarcinogens induce proliferation of oval cells, which can differentiate into hepatocytes or ductular cells.
  • Oval cells appear to originate from transition duct cells or a periportal liver stem cell.

    • Conclusions:

    • Liver cancer may arise from oval cells via aberrant stem cell differentiation.
    • Understanding liver stem cell behavior is crucial for comprehending liver regeneration and cancer development.