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Fluconazole prophylaxis in extremely low birth weight infants: association with cholestasis
Z H Aghai1, M Mudduluru, T A Nakhla
1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Cooper University Hospital-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, One Cooper Plaza, Camden, NJ 08103, USA. aghai-zubair@cooperhealth.edu
Background:
Extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants are at increased risk for invasive candidiasis and associated morbidity and mortality. The use of fluconazole prophylaxis in this population has raised a benefit versus risk concern among clinicians.
Objectives:
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fluconazole prophylaxis in ELBW infants.
Study Design:
ELBW infants (BW
Results:
Nine out of 137 infants (6.6%) developed invasive candidiasis during PPE compared to none of 140 (0%) during PE (P=0.006). During PE, 60/140 (42.9%) infants developed conjugated hyperbilirubinemia compared to 12/137 (8.8%) during PPE (P<0.001).
Conclusion:
Although a fluconazole prophylaxis regimen for ELBW infants was effective in preventing invasive candidiasis, an increase in the incidence of conjugated hyperbilirubinemia was observed. Further studies are needed to evaluate the safety of fluconazole prophylaxis in this population.
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