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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

Carotid artery thickness in children and young adults with end stage renal disease

Hakan M Poyrazoğlu1, Ruhan Düşünsel, Ali Yikilmaz

  • 1Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Medical Faculty, Erciyes University, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey. drpoyrazoglu@yahoo.com

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|September 1, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Arteriopathy, or vascular changes, occurs in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension are associated with these vascular changes in pediatric ESRD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Atherosclerosis is a leading cause of death in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
  • Knowledge regarding atherosclerosis and its risk factors in children with chronic renal failure (CRF) is limited.
  • Carotid artery intima-media thickness (cIMT) via ultrasonography is a key marker for subclinical atherosclerosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence of atherosclerosis in children and young adults with ESRD.
  • To identify risk factors associated with atherosclerosis in this pediatric ESRD population.
  • To explore the relationship between atherosclerosis and cardiovascular parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Study included 34 pediatric ESRD patients and 20 healthy controls.
  • High-resolution ultrasonography with a 7.5-MHz transducer measured cIMT.
  • Evaluated anemia, calcium/phosphate metabolism, hyperhomocysteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and lipoprotein (a) levels.

Main Results:

  • ESRD patients exhibited significantly higher cIMT compared to controls (P<0.05).
  • Prevalence of elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean blood pressure (MBP), left ventricular mass index (LVMI), and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was higher in the ESRD group (P<0.05).
  • Positive correlations found between cIMT and LVMI/MBP; negative correlation between cIMT and parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P<0.05). Multiple regression confirmed cIMT's positive association with LVMI (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

  • Arteriopathy is present in children with ESRD.
  • Left ventricular hypertrophy and hypertension may be linked to vascular changes in pediatric ESRD.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the association between LVMI and cIMT in this population.

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