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Hypertension in pregnancy: hospital based study.
J Prakash1, L K Pandey, A K Singh
1Department of Nephrology Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|September 2, 2006
Summary
Hypertension in pregnancy, including preeclampsia and eclampsia, affects 5.38% of expectant mothers. This condition significantly increases risks for low birth weight and high fetal mortality, underscoring the need for vigilant monitoring.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
- Nephrology
Background:
- Hypertension in pregnancy is a significant complication affecting maternal and fetal outcomes.
- Preeclampsia, eclampsia, and HELLP syndrome are common hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
- Understanding the prevalence and impact of hypertension is crucial for improving obstetric care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the incidence of hypertension in pregnant women.
- To analyze the types and severity of hypertension during pregnancy.
- To assess the maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with hypertensive disorders.
Main Methods:
- Screening of 1802 pregnant women for hypertension over a two-year period.
- Classification of hypertension based on JNC-VI criteria.
- Analysis of pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia, eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, maternal mortality, and perinatal death.
Main Results:
- Hypertension was diagnosed in 5.38% of pregnancies.
- Preeclampsia-eclampsia and its variants were the primary causes of hypertension.
- Significant rates of low birth weight (66.66%) and perinatal death (37.5%) were observed.
- Acute renal failure occurred in 7 patients, with 4 requiring dialysis.
Conclusions:
- Hypertension, particularly preeclampsia-eclampsia, remains a major concern in pregnancy.
- Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are strongly associated with adverse fetal outcomes, including low birth weight and mortality.
- Effective management and monitoring are essential to mitigate the risks associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension.
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