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Periodontal disease and coronary heart disease

Karen Geismar1, Kaj Stoltze, Bjarne Sigurd

  • 1Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Science, University of Copenhagen, and Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rehabilitation Unit, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. kgm@odont.ku.dk

Journal of Periodontology
|September 2, 2006
PubMed

Insights

Periodontal disease is linked to coronary heart disease (CHD), especially in younger adults. This association appears age-dependent and is partly explained by diabetes and smoking.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Periodontology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Epidemiological studies suggest a link between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • This association may be influenced by shared risk factors.
  • A Danish population study investigated the role of common risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between periodontal disease and coronary heart disease (CHD).
  • To assess the influence of common risk factors on this association.
  • To determine if the association is age-dependent.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 250 participants (110 with CHD, 140 controls).
  • Data collected included medical history (diabetes, smoking), lifestyle factors, and periodontal parameters (probing depth, attachment loss, bleeding on probing, alveolar bone level).
  • Multiple logistic regression models were used for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with CHD showed significantly better periodontal health (lower PD, BOP, CAL, ABL).
  • In participants under 60, severe alveolar bone loss (ABL3) was significantly associated with CHD (Odds Ratio 6.6).
  • Diabetes and smoking were identified as risk factors, particularly in younger participants.

Conclusions:

  • A positive association exists between periodontal disease and CHD, consistent with prior research.
  • The association is significantly influenced by age.
  • Diabetes and smoking partially explain the link between periodontal disease and CHD.
Abstract

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