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Related Experiment Videos

Hospital demand for licensed practical nurses.

Joanne Spetz1, Wendy T Dyer, Susan Chapman

  • 1Department of Community Health Systems, School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, USA.

Western Journal of Nursing Research
|September 2, 2006
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Hospitals may use licensed practical nurses (LPNs) to fill gaps caused by registered nurse (RN) shortages. Higher RN wages appear to increase hospital demand for LPNs, suggesting partial substitution.

Area of Science:

  • Healthcare Economics
  • Nursing Workforce Studies
  • Hospital Administration

Background:

  • Hospital use of licensed practical nurses (LPNs) declined in the 1990s.
  • Current registered nurse (RN) shortages are driving renewed interest in LPNs.
  • Hospitals have economic incentives to employ LPNs as a less expensive alternative to RNs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model and estimate hospital demand for LPNs.
  • To identify factors influencing the substitution of RNs with LPNs.
  • To analyze the relationship between nurse wages and LPN employment.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a longitudinal data set of U.S. short-term general hospitals.
  • Estimated hospital demand for LPNs as a function of various characteristics.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Included nurse wages, hospital, market, and patient factors in the model.

    • Main Results:

    • Higher registered nurse (RN) wages were found to increase hospital demand for licensed practical nurses (LPNs).
    • This effect was observed in both the overall level of LPN demand and relative to RNs.
    • Evidence suggests that hospitals partially substitute RNs with LPNs.

    Conclusions:

    • The findings indicate that LPNs are utilized as substitutes for RNs in hospitals.
    • Wage differentials between RNs and LPNs play a significant role in hospital staffing decisions.
    • Understanding these dynamics is crucial for addressing nursing workforce challenges.